Assume that source elements of length k are mapped in some uniform fashion into a target elements of length p. If each digit can take on one of r values, then the number of source elements is r k and the number of target elements is the smaller number r p . A particular source element xi is mapped to a particular target element yj.
a. What is the probability that the correct source element can be selected by an adversary on one try?
b. What is the probability that a different source element xk(xi ≠ xk) that results in the same target element, yj , could be produced by an adversary?
c. What is the probability that the correct target element can be produced by an adversary on one try?